nginx反向代理配置及優化
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前言: 由于服務器apache抗不住目前的并發.加上前端squid配置后,問題依然無法解決.而頁面程序大部分是動態.無法使用fastcgi來處理.因此想使用nginx做為反向代理apache.整個配置安裝過程很簡單.在考慮高并發的情況下,在安裝前就做了些優化.目前配置能抗住3000以上并發.好像不是特別大哦?呵~~ 但足以~~ 只是還有少量499問題..期待有人跟我討論解決 第1部分:安裝 1 建立用戶及組
/usr/sbin/groupadd www /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www2 安裝pcre 讓nginx支持rewrite 方便以后所需
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz cd pcre-7.8/ ./configure make && make install3 安裝nginx
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.7.58.tar.gz tar zxvf nginx-0.7.58.tar.gz cd nginx-0.7.58/ ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-cc-opt='-O2' --with-cpu-opt=opteron make && make install#注意上文中的--with-cc-opt='-O2' --with-cpu-opt=opteron 這是編譯器優化,目前最常用的是-02 而不是3.后面對應CPU的型號. 第2部分:配置及優化配置文件 1 nginx.conf 配置文件:
user www www;
worker_processes 4;
# [ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit ]
error_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 51200;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
source_charset GB2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 256k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 256k;
#size limits
client_max_body_size 50m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
#參數都有所調整.目的是解決代理過程中出現的一些502 499錯誤
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 120; #參數加大,以解決做代理時502錯誤
tcp_nodelay on;
include vhosts/upstream.conf;
include vhosts/junyun.conf;
}
2 upstream.conf 配置文件(這也是做負載的配置方法)
upstream.conf
upstream www.junyun.wang {
server 192.168.1.4:8099;
}
3 站點配置文件
junyun.conf
server
{
listen 80;
server_name junyun.conf;
charset GB2312;
index index.html index.htm;
root /date/wwwroot/junyun/;
location ~ ^/NginxStatus/ {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
location / {
root /date/wwwroot/junyun/;
proxy_redirect off ;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_max_body_size 50m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
proxy_connect_timeout 30;
proxy_send_timeout 30;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_buffer_size 256k;
proxy_buffers 4 256k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_503 http_404;
proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m;
proxy_pass http://www.junyun.wang;
}
#參數都有所調整.目的是解決代理過程中出現的一些502 499錯誤
#Add expires header for static content
location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf)$ {
if (-f $request_filename) {
root /date/wwwroot/junyun/;
expires 1d;
break;
}
}
log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /exp/nginxlogs/junyun_access.log access;
}
注:第二種代理方式 nginx 處理下圖片,html等靜態的東西.其它動態由apache處理.因此apache也需要做一些參數調整. 設置圖片等過期時間.緩解請求. 如果源與nginx在同一臺機器建議使用如下方法:
location / {
proxy_pass http://192.168.1.4:8099/;
proxy_redirect default ;
}
針對不同的目錄進行代理把下面的配置放到根目錄代理的上面
location /junyun/ {
proxy_pass http://192.168.1.4:8099/junyun/;
proxy_redirect default ;
}
4 源配置
第3部分:源的優化 1 apache-mpm.confServerAdmin liuyu105#gmail.com DocumentRoot /date/wwwroot/junyun ServerName www.junyun.wang ErrorLog logs/junyun_error_log CustomLog "|/usr/local/sbin/cronolog logs/junyun_access_log.%Y%m%d" combined
2 apache-keepalive Timeout 120 #與nginx的保持一至 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 400 KeepAliveTimeout 7 第4部分:PHP的優化 優化一:將PHP由之前的xcache換成eaccelerator 1 安裝StartServers 15 MinSpareServers 15 MaxSpareServers 30 ServerLimit 2536 MaxClients 2048 MaxRequestsPerChild 1500
wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/0.9.5.3/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2 tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2 cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/ /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php5/bin/php-config make make install注:PHP路徑以安裝為準! 2 配置
sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\n#' /etc/php.ini sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /etc/php.ini sed -i "s#; always_populate_raw_post_data = On#always_populate_raw_post_data = On#g" /etc/php.ini配置eAccelerator加速PHP： mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache vi /etc/php.ini 按shift+g鍵跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：
[eaccelerator] zend_extension="/usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so" eaccelerator.shm_size="128" eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache" eaccelerator.enable="1" eaccelerator.optimizer="1" eaccelerator.check_mtime="1" eaccelerator.debug="0" eaccelerator.filter="" eaccelerator.shm_max="0" eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300" eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120" eaccelerator.shm_only="0" eaccelerator.compress="1" eaccelerator.compress_level="9"優化二:聯系開發重新編譯php減少php的模塊.以減少php進程所占用內存數.這塊盡管影響不大,但也有一定的作用.編譯前也可以參照nginx的編譯器優化方式安裝. 第5部分:測試并啟動nginx ulimit -SHn 51200 /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx 第6部分:nginx日志切割腳本
#!/bin/bash
# This script run at 00:00
# The Nginx logs path
logs_path="/exp/nginxlogs/"
mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/
mv ${logs_path}junyun_access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/junyun_access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`
crontab -e
00 00 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
